Ukucaciswa okujwayelekile kwe-Astm A335 kwepayipi lensimbi engenamthungo ye-ferritic alloy-steel yesevisi yezinga lokushisa eliphezulu
Izinga le-ASTM A335 likhishwa ngaphansi kwegama elingaguquki elithi A 335/A 335M; inombolo ngokushesha elandela ukuqokwa ikhombisa unyaka wokutholwa kwasekuqaleni noma, esimweni sokubuyekeza, unyaka wokubuyekeza okokugcina. Inombolo ekubakaki ibonisa unyaka wokugunyazwa kabusha kokugcina. I-epsilon ephezulu ( ュ) ibonisa ushintsho lokuhlela kusukela ekubuyekezweni kokugcina noma ukugunyazwa kabusha.
1.1Lokhu kucaciswa kuhlanganisa ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo (elimaphakathi) elihloselwe isevisi yezinga lokushisa eliphezulu (Mote 1). Ipayipi eli-odwe kulokhu kucaciswa kufanele lifanele ukugotshwa, i-flanging (i-vanstoning), kanye nokusebenza okufanayo kokubumba, kanye nokushisela okuhlanganisiwe. Ukukhethwa kuzoncika ekwakhiweni, izimo zesevisi, izakhiwo zemishini, nezici zezinga lokushisa eliphezulu.
QAPHELA 1 Α I-Appendix X1 ibala ubukhulu nobukhulu bezindonga zamapayipi ezingatholakala ngaphansi kokwenza ukuhweba kwamanje.
1.2 Amabanga amaningana ezinsimbi ze-ferritic (Qaphela 2) ahlanganisiwe.
Izinsimbi ze-ΑFerritic kulokhu kucaciswa zichazwa njengezinsimbi zengxubevange ephansi nezimaphakathi eziqukethe kufika futhi kufaka phakathi i-chromium engu-10.
1.3 Izidingo ezengeziwe (S1 kuye ku-S7) zemvelo ozikhethela zinikeziwe. Lezi zidingo ezengeziwe zidinga ukuthi kwenziwe izivivinyo ezengeziwe, futhi lapho zifunwa, zizoshiwo ngokulandelana kanye nenani lalezo zivivinyo ezidingekayo.
1.4 Amanani ashiwo kumayunithi ayintshi yephawundi noma amayunithi e-SI kufanele abhekwe ngokwehlukana njengajwayelekile. Ngaphakathi kombhalo, amayunithi e-SI akhonjiswa kubakaki. Amanani ashiwo ohlelweni ngalunye awafani ncamashi; ngakho-ke, uhlelo ngalunye kufanele lusetshenziswe ngaphandle kolunye. Ukuhlanganisa amanani asuka kumasistimu womabili kungase kubangele ukungahambisani nokucaciswa. Amayunithi ayintshi yephawundi azosebenza ngaphandle uma igama elithi "M" lalokhu kushiwo lishiwo ngohlelo.
Qaphela 3ΑIsiklami esingena-Dimensionless NPS (usayizi wepayipi okuzisholo) sithathelwe indawo kuleli zinga kumagama endabuko njengokuthi "ubukhulu obujwayelekile," "usayizi," kanye "nosayizi wegama."
Ipayipi lingase ligcine lishise noma libanda ngokuqeda ukushisa okuphawulwe ngezansi.
Ukuze uthole ukushisa okuphathekayo okulashwa esithandweni sohlobo lwe-batch, ukuhlolwa kuzokwenziwa ku-5% wepayipi kusuka endaweni ngayinye ehlanziwe. Ezingxenyeni ezincane, okungenani ipayipi elilodwa lizohlolwa.
Ukushisa okuphathekayo okuphathwe ngenqubo eqhubekayo, ukuhlolwa kuzokwenziwa ngenani elanele lepayipi ukuze lihlanganise i-5% yenkatho, kodwa kungabi ngaphansi kwamapayipi angu-2.
Amanothi Okuhlolwa Kokuqina:
I-P91 ngeke ibe nobunzima obungeqile ku-250 HB/265 HV [25HRC].
Amanothi e-Bend Test:
Epayipini elinobubanzi obungaphezu kwe-NPS 25 futhi isilinganiso saso sobubanzi bodonga obungu-7.0 noma ngaphansi lizohlolwa ngokugoba esikhundleni sokuhlolwa kokucaba.
Elinye ipayipi elinobubanzi obulingana noma obudlula i-NPS 10 lingase linikezwe ukuhlolwa kokugoba esikhundleni sokuhlolwa kokucaba kuncike ekuvunyweni komthengi.
Izibonelo zokuhlola ukugoba zizogotshwa endaweni yokushisa yegumbi ukuya ku-180 ngaphandle kokuqhekeka ngaphandle kwengxenye egobile.
Ububanzi obungaphakathi bokugoba kufanele bube intshi engu-25.
Ubude bepayipi ngalinye buzohlolwa i-Hydro, ngokukhetha ukwenziwa kokuhlolwa kukagesi ongakonakali kungasetshenziswa.
Ibanga | C | UMn | P | S | Si | Mo |
P1 | 0.10-0.20 | 0.30-0.80 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.10-0.50 | 0.44-0.65 |
P2 | 0.10-0.20 | 0.30-0.61 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.10-0.30 | 0.44-0.65 |
P5 | 0.15 ubuningi | 0.30-0.60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.50 ubuningi | 0.45-0.65 |
P5b | 0.15 ubuningi | 0.30-0.60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 1.00-2.00 | 0.45-0.65 |
P5c | 0.12 ubuningi | 0.30-0.60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.50 ubuningi | 0.45-0.65 |
P9 | 0.15 ubuningi | 0.30-0.60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.25-1.00 | 0.90-1.10 |
P11 | 0.05-0.15 | 0.30-0.60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.50-1.00 | 0.44-0.65 |
P12 | 0.05-0.15 | 0.30-0.61 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.50 ubuningi | 0.44-0.65 |
P15 | 0.05-0.15 | 0.30-0.60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 1.15-1.65 | 0.44-0.65 |
P21 | 0.05-0.15 | 0.30-0.60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.50 ubuningi | 0.80-1.06 |
P22 | 0.05-0.15 | 0.30-0.60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.50 ubuningi | 0.87-1.13 |
P23 | 0.04-0.10 | 0.10-0.60 | 0.030 ubuningi | 0.010ubukhulu | 0.50 ubuningi | 0.05-1.30 |
Izakhiwo zemishini | P1,P2 | P12 | P23 | P91 | P92,P11 | P122 |
Amandla aqinile | 380 | 415 | 510 | 585 | 620 | 620 |
Amandla esivuno | 205 | 220 | 400 | 415 | 440 | 400 |
Ibanga | Uhlobo Lokwelapha Ukushisa I-P5, i-P9, i-P11, ne-P22 |
Ibanga Lezinga lokushisa Elijwayelekile F [C] | I-Subcritical Annealing noma i-Tempering Ibanga Lezinga lokushisa F [C] |
I-A335 P5 (b,c) | I-Aneal egcwele noma ye-Isothermal | ||
Normalize futhi Uthukuthele | ***** | 1250 [675] | |
I-Subcritical Anneal (P5c kuphela) | ***** | 1325 - 1375 [715 - 745] | |
A335 P9 | I-Aneal egcwele noma ye-Isothermal | ||
Normalize futhi Uthukuthele | ***** | 1250 [675] | |
I-A335 P11 | I-Aneal egcwele noma ye-Isothermal | ||
Normalize futhi Uthukuthele | ***** | 1200 [650] | |
A335 P22 | I-Aneal egcwele noma ye-Isothermal | ||
Normalize futhi Uthukuthele | ***** | 1250 [675] | |
A335 P91 | Normalize futhi Uthukuthele | 1900-1975 [1040 - 1080] | 1350-1470 [730 - 800] |
Qeda futhi Uthukuthele | 1900-1975 [1040 - 1080] | 1350-1470 [730 - 800] |
Ukwelashwa Kokushisa | A / N+T | N+T / Q+T | N+T |