Iron core transformer

Iron Core Transformer is the most common type of transformer, and its working principle is based on electromagnetic induction. It consists of an iron core and at least two coils (main coil and secondary coil). The presence of the iron core enhances the magnetic coupling effect of the transformer, thereby improving the efficiency of energy transfer. Here is how an iron core transformer works:

Iron core: The iron core is usually made of magnetic materials, such as silicon steel sheets. This material has low magnetic permeability, which reduces eddy current losses. The presence of the core strengthens the magnetic circuit of the transformer, making it easier for magnetic fields to pass through the coils. Main Coil: The main coil is the coil connected to the input power supply, often called the high voltage side. When AC current flows through the main coil, it generates an alternating magnetic field.

Secondary Coil: The secondary coil is the coil connected to the output load and is often called the low voltage side. The alternating magnetic field generated in the primary coil penetrates into the secondary coil, thereby inducing an alternating voltage in the secondary coil. Electromagnetic Induction: According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, when a magnetic field penetrates a coil, an electromotive force (voltage) is induced in the coil. Therefore, the voltage in the secondary coil is related to the magnetic field changes in the primary coil.

Transformation principle: The transformation ratio of the iron core transformer is determined by the turns ratio of the main coil and the secondary coil. According to the basic principle of transformer, the ratio between input voltage and output voltage depends on the turns ratio of the coil. More turns in the secondary coil will result in a higher output voltage, fewer turns in the secondary coil will result in a lower output voltage.